306-337 |
Reign of Constantine the Great |
410 |
Visigoths sack Rome |
451 |
Battle of Chalons |
455 |
Vandals sack Rome |
476 |
End of the Western Roman Empire |
496 |
Conversion of Clovis |
533-43 |
Byzantines reconquer N. Africa |
535-54 |
Byzantines reconquer Italy |
711-15 |
Muslim conquest of Spain |
800-14 |
Reign of Charlemagne |
936-73 |
Reign of Otto I the Great |
955 |
Battle of Lechfeld |
1066 |
Norman Conquest of England |
c1150-60 |
University of Paris Founded |
1152-1190 |
Reign of Frederick I Barbarosa |
1154-89 |
Reign of Henry II of England |
1167 |
Oxford University Founded |
1180-1223 |
Reign of Philip II Augustus of France |
1189-99 |
Reign of Richard I of England |
1208-13 |
Albigensian Crusade |
1209 |
Cambridge University Founded |
1211-50 |
Reign of Emperor Frederick II |
1212 |
Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa |
1214 |
Battle of Bouvines (27 July) |
1215 |
Magna Carta |
1222 |
University of Padua Founded |
1226-70 |
Reign of Louis IX (Saint) |
1272-1307 |
Reign of Edward I of England |
1285-1314 |
Reign of Philip IV the Fair of France |
1290 |
England expels the Jews |
1321 |
Death of Dante |
1327-77 |
Reign of Edward III of England |
1337-1453 |
Hundred Years War |
1340 |
Battle of Sluys |
1343 |
University of Pisa Founded |
1346 |
Battle of Crecy |
1347-50 |
Black Death or Plague |
1351-89 |
Statutes of Provisors |
1353-93 |
Statutes of Praemunire |
1356 |
Battle of Poitiers |
1379 |
University of Erfurt Founded |
1385 |
University of Heidelberg Founded |
1388 |
University of Cologne Founded |
1397 |
Establishment of Medici Bank |
1409 |
University of Leipzig Founded |
1411 |
St. Andrew's University Founded |
1413 |
Rebellion of Sir John Oldcastle |
1415 |
Portuguese capture Ceuta
Battle of Agincourt (25 Oct) |
1426 |
University of Louvain Founded |
1431 |
Burning of Joan of Arc |
1455-1485 |
Wars of the Roses in England |
1455 |
Gutenberg perfects printing press |
1460 |
Death of Prince Henry the Navigator |
1461-83 |
Reign of Louis XI of France |
1469-1492 |
Lorenzo the Magnificent rules Florence |
1469 |
Marriage of Ferdinand & Isabella |
1476 |
William Caxton prints first book
in England |
1477 |
Battle of Nancy and death
of Charles the Bold of Burgundy
University of Uppsala Founded |
1478-80 |
Establishment of Spanish Inquisition |
1488 |
Bartholomeu Dias sails around
Cape of Good Hope |
1492 |
Fall of Granada (2 Jan)
First Voyage of Columbus
Expulsion of Jews from Spain
|
1493-1519 |
Reign of Emperor Maximilian I |
1494 |
Charles VIII of France invades Italy
Treaty of Tordesillas |
1497 |
John Cabot sails to North America |
1497-98 |
Gama's Voyage to India |
1499 |
University of Alcala Founded |
1502 |
University of Wittenberg Founded |
1509-47 |
Reign of Henry VIII of England |
1512 |
Battle of Ravenna (11 April) |
1513 |
Battle of Novara (6 June)
Battle of Flodden (9 Sept)
Balboa discovers Pacific Ocean
|
1515-47 |
Reign of Francis I of France |
1515 |
Battle of Marignano |
1516 |
Death of Ferdinand and succession
of Charles I (V) as king |
1519-21 |
Conquest of Mexico by Cortes |
1519 |
Charles V elected Holy Roman Emperor |
1520 |
Field of the Cloth of Gold |
1521-26 |
First War between Charles V
and Francis I |
1521 |
Revolt of the Communeros |
1523 |
Battle of LaBicocca (24 June) |
1524-25 |
Peasants' War in Germany |
1525 |
Battle of Pavia (24 Feb) |
1526 |
Treaty of Madrid (29 Aug) |
1527-29 |
Second War between Charles V
and Francis I |
1527 |
Sack of Rome by Imperial Army |
1529 |
Peace of Cambrai
Fall of Cardinal Wolsey
Thomas More appointed Chancellor
Reformation Parliament in England
Diet of Speyer-Protestants
|
1531 |
Establishment of Schmalkaldic
League by German Protestants
Battle of Kappel (11 Oct) |
1534 |
Act of Supremacy in England |
1536-38 |
Third War between Charles V
and Francis I |
1539 |
Six Articles in England |
1542-44 |
Fourth War between Charles V
and Francis I |
1546-47 |
Schmalkaldic War |
1547 |
Battle of Muhlberg |
1552-56 |
War between Charles V and Henry II |
1556-98 |
Reign of Philip II of Spain |
1557 |
Battle of St. Quentin (10 Aug) |
1558-1603 |
Reign of Elizabeth I of England |
1559 |
Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis |
1562-63 |
First French War of Religion |
1567 |
Alba in the Netherlands
and Council of Blood |
1568-1648 |
Revolt of the Netherlands |
1568 |
Second French War of Religion |
1569-70 |
Third French War of Religion |
1569-71 |
Revolt of the Moriscos |
1572 |
Massacre of St. Bartholomew |
1572-74 |
Fourth French War of Religion |
1574-76 |
Fifth French War of Religion |
1576-1612 |
Reign of Emperor Rudolf II |
1576 |
Pacification of Ghent
Sack of Antwerp
Organization of Holy League in France
|
1577 |
Sixth French War of Religion |
1579 |
Union of Utrecht |
1580 |
Seventh French War of Religion |
|
Philip II becomes king of Portugal |
1584 |
Assassination of William the Silent
(10 July) |
1585-89 |
Eighth French War of Religion
(War of the Three Henries) |
1585 |
Antwerp surrenders to Duke of Parma |
1588 |
Defeat of the Spanish Armada
Day of the Barricades (12 May)
Assassination of the Guises (23 Dec) |
1589-1610 |
Reign of Henry IV of France |
1589 |
Assassination of Henry III (31 July) |
1593 |
Henry IV abjures Protestantism |
1598 |
Edict of Nantes (15 April)
Death of Philip II of Spain
Treaty of Vervins |
1600 |
English East India Company Founded |
1602 |
Dutch East India Company Founded |
1603 |
Death of Elizabeth I of England |
325 |
Council of Nicaea / Nicene Creed |
340-420 |
St. Jerome |
354-430 |
St. Augustine |
440-64 |
Pontificate of Leo the Great |
590-604 |
Pontificate of Gregory the Great |
867 |
Orthodox schism with Rome |
1054 |
Great Schism between Eastern
and Western Churches |
1059-1122 |
Investiture Controversy |
1073-85 |
Pontificate of Gregory VII |
1077 |
Henry IV submits to Gregory VII
at Canossa |
1095-1100 |
First Crusade |
c1120 |
Foundation of the Templars |
1147 |
Second Crusade |
1170 |
Murder of Archbishop Becket |
1189-92 |
Third Crusade |
1198-1216 |
Pontificate of Innocent III |
1204 |
Fourth Crusade |
1218-21 |
Fifth Crusade |
c1225-74 |
Thomas Aquinas |
1228-29 |
Sixth Crusade |
1248-54 |
Seventh Crusade |
1270 |
Eighth Crusade |
c1285-1347 |
William of Occam |
1307-1312 |
Suppression of the Templars |
1294-1303 |
Pontificate of Boniface VIII |
1302 |
Unam Sanctum |
1309-77 |
Avignon Papacy / Babylonian Captivity |
c1330-84 |
John Wycliffe |
1370 |
Devotio Moderna |
1378-1417 |
Great Schism of Western Church |
1409 |
Council of Pisa |
1411 |
Excommunication of John Huss |
1414-18 |
Council of Constance
Burning of John Huss (6 July) |
1430-48 |
Council of Basel |
1438 |
Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges |
1440 |
Lorenzo Valla's On the Donation
of
Constantine |
1450 |
Vatican Library Founded |
1464 |
Death of Nicholas of Cusa |
1466 |
Birth of Erasmus |
1483 |
Birth of Martin Luther |
1484 |
Birth of Ulrich Zwingli |
1487 |
Malleus Maleficarum |
1491? |
Birth of Ignatius Loyola |
1492-1503 |
Pontificate of Alexander VI |
1497 |
Confraternity of Divine Love founded |
1498 |
Execution of Savonarola |
1503-1513 |
Pontificate of Julius II |
1509 |
Erasmus publishes Praise of Folly
Jacques Lefevre d'Etaples
publishes edition of Psalms
Cardinal Cisneros founds
University of Alcala
Birth of John Calvin |
1511-21 |
Fifth Lateran Council |
1513-21 |
Pontificate of Leo X |
1514 |
Publication of Polyglot New
Testament |
1516 |
Concordat of Bologna
Erasmus publishes Greek New
Testament |
1517 |
Martin Luther's 95 Theses |
1519 |
Leipzig Debate |
1520 |
Luther's Three Reformation Treatises |
1521 |
Excommunication of Luther
Luther at Diet of Worms |
1522 |
Luther's New Testament in German |
1523-34 |
Pontificate of Clement VII |
1523 |
Zurich becomes a Reformed City
(24 June) |
1524 |
Theatine Order Approved |
1525 |
Tyndale's New Testament in English
(24 Feb) |
1529 |
Marburg Colloquy
Luther's Small and Large Catechisms |
1530 |
Augsburg Confession
Ignatius Loyola's Spiritual Exercises
|
1531 |
Death of Zwingli |
1534-49 |
Pontificate of Paul III |
1534 |
Anabaptists take over Munster
Loyola founds Society of Jesus
Luther's Complete German Bible |
1535 |
Ursuline Order Founded |
1536 |
Calvin's Institutes of Christian
Religion
published
Death of Erasmus
Execution of William Tyndale
First Helvetic Confession |
1539 |
Great Bible in England |
1542 |
Francis Xavier arrives in India
Roman Inquisition Established |
1543 |
Copernicus De Revolutionibus |
1544 |
Papal Approval of the Ursulines |
1545-47 |
First Meeting of the Council of
Trent |
1546 |
Death of Luther |
1548 |
Augsburg Interim |
1549 |
Book of Common Prayer composed
by Thomas Cranmer
Francis Xavier reaches Japan
Paul IV publishes
Index of
Forbidden Books |
1551-52 |
Second Meeting of the Council of
Trent |
1552 |
Magdeburg Centuries
Death of Francis Xavier |
1553 |
Michael Servetus burned for heresy
in Geneva |
1555 |
Peace of Augsburg |
1556 |
Abdication of Charles V
Death of Ignatius Loyola
Execution of Thomas Cranmer |
1557 |
Geneva Bible New Testament |
1559 |
Genevan Academy Founded |
1560 |
Geneva Bible Complete |
1561 |
Colloquy of Poissy |
1562-63 |
Third Meeting of the Council of
Trent |
1562 |
Heidelberg Catechism
Second Helvetic Confession |
1563 |
John Foxe's Acts and Monuments |
1564 |
Death of Calvin
Tridentin Index of Prohibited Books |
1568 |
Bishop's Bible in England |
1577 |
Teresa of Avila's Interior Castle |
1580 |
Book of Concord |
1582 |
Gregorian Calendar appears
Reims New Testament in English |
1585 |
Death of John Foxe |
1591 |
Richard Hooker's Laws of Eccles. Polity |
330 |
Constantinople becomes
capital
of Eastern Roman Empire |
445-53 |
Hunnic Empire |
453 |
Death of Attila |
527-65 |
Reign of Emperor Justinian |
541 |
Justinian's Plague |
570-632 |
Mohammed, founder of Islam |
622 |
Mohammed's flight to Medina |
634-40 |
Muslim conquest of Palestine
and Syria |
637-38 |
Muslim conquest of Iraq |
639-42 |
Muslim conquest of Egypt |
642-51 |
Muslim conquest of Persia |
673-78 |
First Muslim attacks and
siege of
Constantinople |
717-18 |
Second Muslim siege of
Constantinople |
786-809 |
Caliphate of Harun al Rashin |
996-1020 |
Caliphate of Al-Hakim of Egypt |
1036-51 |
Rise of the Seljuk Turks |
1055 |
Seljuks capture Baghdad |
1071 |
Battle of Manzikert |
1187 |
Battle of Hattim |
1204 |
Crusaders capture
Constantinople |
1206 |
Chinggis Khan unites Mongols |
1219-21 |
Mongol conquest of Khwarazm |
1237-40 |
Mongol conquest of Russia |
1241 |
Mongol raid on Hungary |
1243 |
Mongol conquest of Anatolia |
1250 |
Mamluks take control of Egypt |
1257-94 |
Reign of Kublai Khan |
1258-60 |
Mongol conquest of Iraq |
1260 |
Battle of Ayn Jalut |
1275-92 |
Marco Polo in China |
1291 |
Fall of Acre to Mamluks |
1338 |
Black Death in Central Asia |
1348 |
University of Prague Founded |
1356-68 |
Ming Dynasty replaces Mongols |
1360 |
Murad I establishes the
Janissaries |
1365 |
University of Vienna Founded |
1389 |
Battle of Kosovo |
1396 |
Nicopolis Crusade |
1402 |
Battle of Ankara, Tamerlane
captures Bayazid I |
1405-33 |
Voyages of Zheng He |
1420-33 |
Hussite Wars in Bohemia |
1451-81 |
Reign of Mehmet II the Great of
Turkey |
1453 |
Capture of Constantinople
by
the Ottoman Turks |
1454-66 |
War between Poland and Russia |
1458-90 |
Reign of Matthias Corvinus of
Hungary |
1462-1505 |
Ivan III, Grand Duke of Muscovy |
1480-81 |
First unsuccessful Turkish siege
of Rhodes |
1512-20 |
Reign of Selim I the Grim of
Turkey |
1516 |
Ottomans conquer Syria |
1517 |
Ottomans conquer Egypt |
1520-66 |
Reign of Suleyman the
Magnificent
of Turkey |
1520-23 |
Swedes revolt from Denmark |
1521-33 |
Ottoman wars against Hungary
and Austria |
1521 |
Ottomans capture Belgrade |
1522 |
Fall of Rhodes to Ottomans |
1525 |
Teutonic Knights secularized |
1526 |
Battle of Mohacs |
1529 |
Siege of Vienna by Ottomans
Sweden adopts Lutheranism |
1533-84 |
Reign of Ivan IV the Terrible |
1537-40 |
War between Ottomans and
Venice |
1541-47 |
War between Ottomans and
Austria |
1547 |
Ivan the Terrible reaches his
majority |
1548-72 |
Reign of Sigismund II of Poland |
1551-1562 |
War between Ottomans and
Austria |
1552-54 |
Russia conquers Kazan and
and Astrakhan |
1557-82 |
Livonian War |
1565 |
Siege of Malta by Ottomans |
1566-1568 |
War between Ottomans and
Austria |
1569 |
Union of Lublin between
Poland and Lithuania |
1571 |
Fall of Cyprus to Ottomans
Battle of Lepanto |
1582 |
Yermak begins Russian
conquest
of Siberia |
1583 |
Matteo Ricci reaches China |
1589 |
Establishment of the Russian
Patriarchate |
1593-1606 |
War between Ottomans and
Austria |