Chapter 5.
The Language Developers
Section 002
Chapter 5: Development of the Sound System
Word Wizard: Allison
Fact Formulator: Casey
Quiz Questor: Alana
Discussion Director: Lauren
Cyber Citer: Laura
Quiz Questor
Questions and Answers:
1. What is one thing we must learn if we are to speak another language?
Answer: a language's pattern of sounds
2. Every language is made up of a limited number of ______, the building blocks of language.
Answer: sounds
3. The sounds used to make words are called _______.
Answer: phonemes
4. The vocal cords ______ when a sound is made.
Answer: vibrate
5. The process known as ______ is referring to a change in one sound to make it move like another.
Answer: assimilation
6. Deaf children will babble for several months, just as nearing children do. True/False
Answer: true
Word Wizard
Definitions:
1. Phonemes: sounds used to make words
2. Distinctive Feature Analysis: description of a sound in terms of all the articulatory features: voicing, semivowels, liquids, nasals, affricates, fricative, stop, glottal, velar, palatal, alveolar, dental, labiodental, and bilabial
3. Assimilation: referring to a change in one sound to make it more like another, and example of this is when the word "down" becomes "nown" or "bug" becomes "gug"
4. Paralanguage: beside language
Summary:
Chapter five explores several aspects of the development of the sound system. The main topics discussed were about phonemes, place and manner of articulation, the distinctive features involving the sound system, sound acquisition, early word formation, suprasegmental phonology, and babbling.
Lauren and Casey were not there to participate in the debriefing this week
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Subject sec002 chapt5 debrief info
THE DYNASTY
Class section 2
Amber - Cyber Citer
Kerri - Word Wizard
Rebecca - Fact Formulator
Tiffany - Quiz Questor
Discussion Director
Chapter 5
Summary
Children's development of the sound system is learned by distinctive features also known as differentiation. They start out with the big major contrast skills and work their way down to the more in depth basic contrasts until they are proficient speakers. Every child is different and for some learning language is difficult. They often have trouble and distort the sounds of words. When a child is born, the child is apparently not born without knowledge about sounds As the child grows and starts to make babbling noises, they start to make some distinction between speech sounds and nonspeech sounds.
Vocabulary
- Phonemes - sounds used to make words
- Distinctive feature analysis - the description of a sound in terms of all articulatory features
- Aspirated sound - one that is accompanied by a puff of air
- Differentiation - the discovery of distinct features
- Assimilation - referring to a change in one sound to make it more like another
- Segmental phonology - segmenting the speech stream into phonemes
- Paralanguage - beside language
Facts
- Pg 57- Every language is made up of a limited number of sounds, the building blocks of language.
- Pg 57- Approximately 43 sounds make up the English language and Spanish uses about 24.
- Pg 57- The sounds used to make words are called phonemes.
- Pg 61- The child seems to learn the phonemic system of the language by discovering distinctive features, which is a process of differentiation.
- Pg 69-70- When children are learning to talk, they often distort the sounds of words.
- Pg 70- Children appear to have difficulty changing the place or manner of articulation of consonants within a word and that some sounds are harder for children to articulate than others.
- Pg 70- Babbling seems a somewhat separate process from learning to speak, although the child probably learns about intonation, a distinctive feature in English, during the babbling experience.
- Pg 70- The child learns to put vowels and consonants into combinations, a skill that comes in handy later.
Quiz Questions
1. What is language?
a. Sounds structured meaningfully and used to communicate.
2. Glottal sounds are made by the…
a. Vocal cords
3. Fricative sounds are made by the position of the tongue.
a. False
4. Give an example of suprasegmental characteristic.
a. Pitch
b. Stress
5. What is stress?
a. Indicates emphasis, relative importance of a word or syllable.
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anthomp@uark.edu
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Subject Ch 5 section 2 The Dynasty
Attachments Amber College CIED 3263 Chapter 5 Reading Group Dynasty.doc
The Advocates
Leah Center Word Wizard
Carlos Zeledon Discussion Director
Jessica Walsh Quiz
Marie Blake Fact Formulator
Jennifer Simmons Cyber Citer
Chapter 5
3/3/05
Vocabulary for Chapter 5
Phonemes-
The sounds used to make words.
Bilabial-
Sounds made with the lips.
Labiodental-
Sounds made by contact between the lower lip and the upper teeth.
Dental-
Sounds made with the tongue and the teeth.
Alveolar-
Sounds made with the tongue and alveolar ridge, the part of the mouth behind the top of the teeth.
Palatal-
Sounds made by raising the tongue toward the palate, the roof of the mouth.
Velar-
Sounds made by contact between the back of the tongue and the velum, behind the palate, or soft palate.
Glottal-
Sounds made only with the vocal cords.
Fricative-
Sounds made by narrowing the opening of the mouth so that the flow of air is not entirely blocked, but obstructed.
Affricates-
Consonant sounds that combine the properties of stops and fricatives.
Nasals-
Sounds made by closing the mouth at some point and allowing air to escape through the nose.
Glides/Liquids-
Consonants where no closure occurs in the mouth.
Semivowels-
Glides are so much like vowels they are often called Semivowels.
Distinctive Feature Analysis-
The description of a sound in terms of all the articulatory features above are called distinctive feature analysis.
Aspirated-
Sound that is accompanied by a puff of air.
Differentiation-
Learning the phonemic system of the language by discovering distinctive features.
Assimilation-
Referring to a change in one sound to make it more like another.
Segmental phonology-
Sounds the child makes and what can be determined by segmenting the speech stream into phonemes.
Suprasegmental-
Characteristics such as pitch and stress.
Pitch-
The tonal quality of speech in roughly a musical sense.
Paralanguage-
"Besides language"; gestures and facial expressions.
Colloquial Styles-
Characteristic of or appropriate to the spoken language or to writing that seeks the effect of speech; informal.
Relating to conversation; conversational.
Melodic Pitch
Of, relating to, or containing melody.
Falsettos-
A male voice in an upper register beyond its normal range.
One who sings or talks in this register.
Chapter 5
The Development of the Sound System
Every language is made up of a limited number of sounds (approximately 43 sounds are used in the English language).
The sounds used to make words are called phonemes.
All languages do not share the same phonemes.
Sounds are most easily classified by the: place of articulation (lips, teeth, alveolar ridge, etc). and the manner of articulation (stop air, nasal, glides, etc).
Sounds can be aspirated and unaspirated
The child seems to learn the phonemic system of the language by discovering distinctive features, which is a process of differentiation.
The differentiation process may be universal for all languages.
Normal children vary in rate of acquisition, but order of learning of certain contrasts seems to be the same.
Children certainly seem sensitive to stress and intonation patterns in language.
Most theorists agree that uttering sounds within meaningful speech contexts requires a different level of skill from that required by uttering the sounds in isolation (babbling).
Discussion Director
1. Children seem to acquire the sound system by learning a system of contrasts, beginning with the major contrast between consonants and vowels and proceeding through other contrasts until they have learned all the important sound features of language.
2. Learning a voicing feature is much more important than learning a one-phoneme distinction since this feature will be used as a general rule, and there is evidence that teaching features brings changes in behavior more readily than teaching each phoneme separately.
3. The importance of babbling is still not clearly known but it seems that babbling does play a role in helping the child play with vowels and consonants which is a skill that will be helpful in the future.
Quiz Questions
1.) ____________ are the building blocks of language.
Answer: Phonemes
2.) Sounds made with the lower lip and the upper teeth are called ____________ sounds.
- bilabial
- glottal
- labiodentals
Answer: C
3.) True or False: The consonant /p/ is a bilabial stop.
Answer: True
4.) What characterizes a "voiced" sound?
Answer: A voiced sound is made when the vocal cords vibrate.
5.) What is differentiation?
Answer: Differentiation is a process by which children distinguish distinctive features in language.
6.) When a child uses the word "gug" for "bug," they are using __________ to change one sound and make it like another.
Answer: Assimilation
7.) At what age are children able to clearly articulate all sounds of language?
- 3
- 2
- 1 1/2
- 2 1/2
Answer: B
8.) True or False: Children are born with no apparent knowledge about sounds.
Answer: False
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Subject here is chapter 5 info
Attachments Group Assignment #5.doc
Lactating Goats
Jonathon
Holly
Thurman
Rachele
Janice
Section 2
Chapter 5
3/04/05
Facts:
1. Every language is made up of a limited number of sounds. They are the building blocks of the language.
2. The sounds used to make words are called Phonemes. They are the smallest sound segments in language that signal changes in meaning.
3. The first distinction the child makes is usually between vowel and consonant.
4. the newborn infant not only discriminates speech sounds from non-speech sounds, but also discriminates among speech sounds
5. A child is apparently not born without knowledge about sounds.
Words:
Phonemes- sounds used to make words and are the smallest sound segments in language that signal changes in meaning.
Distinctive feature analysis- description of a sound in terms of all the articulator features.
Assimilation- a change in one sound to make it more like another.
Stop sounds- sounds made by closing off the flow of air completely, then releasing it.
Segmental Phonology- sounds a child can make and what can be determined by segmenting the speech stream into phonemes.
Glottal sounds- sounds made only with the vocal cords.
Summery :
Chapter five is about sound and where the sounds come from. Different sounds in language come from different parts of the mouth. It also talks about babbling and how children pay with sounds and intonations. We are able to recognize a language by the way that it sounds, because each language has its own sound. Children usually learn how to tell vowels from consonants before they learn to tell the difference between others sounds. It is believed that a newborn child is born with knowledge about sound.
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Subject chapter 5, lactating goats section 2
"The Gentle Ladies"
Section 002
Ch.5 "Development of the Sound System"
Mary Gillin
Brittney Ramirez
Jordan Burks
Kristen Renner
Kelsey Thompson
Bailey Brandon
Words
Phonemes: the smallest sound segments in language that signal changes in meaning.
Place of Articulation- the lips
Manner of Articulation- to sop air and then release it.
Velar- sounds made by contact between the back of the tongue and the velum.
Glottal- sounds made only with the vocal cords.
Paralanguage- "beside language"
Segmental phonology- sounds the child makes and what can be determined by segmenting the speech stream unto phonemes.
Fact
-Approximately 43 sounds make up all the words used in English
-Glottal sounds are made only with the vocal cords.
-Nasals are classified according to where the closure of the mouth occurs.
-If the vocal cords vibrate when a sound is made it is voiced
-Normal children vary in rate of acquisition, but order of learning of certain contrasts seems to be the same.
Questions
Q: The sounds used to make words are called
A: Phonemes
Q: The place of articulation is
A: lips
Q: What are 2 letters that make tabiodental sounds?
A: F and V
Q: An ________ sound is one that is accompanied by a puff of air.
A: Aspirated
Q: Phoneme differentiations does not begin until sounds are used meaningfully - in ____.
A: Words
Q: According to Franke children's 1st word are _______ forms.
A: one - consonant
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Author: Bailey Brandon (bbrando)
Date: Saturday, March 5, 2005 3:14am
The Insiders
Meredith,
Leah,
Melissa,
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Christy
Sorry it is late again. I hope it isn't too late; our Internet has been broken and I just got to a computer. IT WON'T HAPPEN AGAIN!!!!!
Chapter Five
Children seem to acquire the sound system by learning the distinctive features which describe and compare sounds. Children usually distort the sounds of words when they are learning to talk. This is due to several factors including the fact that some sounds are harder for children to articulate than others. Children learn about intonation and how to combine vowels and consonants during the babbling process.
Vocabulary
bilabial- sounds are made with lips
labiodental- sounds made by contact between lower lip and upper teeth
dental- sounds are made with tongue and teeth
alveolar- sounds are made with tongue and alveolar ridge
palatal- sounds are made by raising the tongue toward the palate
velar- sounds are made by contact between the back of the tongue and velum
glottal- sounds are made only with vocal cords
nasal- sounds are made by closing the mouth at some point and allowing air to escape through nose
Facts
- The sounds that words make are called phenomes.
- The child seems to learn phoenic systems of language by covering distinctive features.
- Normal children vary in the rate of acquisition, but the order of learning certain contrasts seem to be the same.
- Children's first words are usually one consonant form.
- The role of babbling is unclear, but the child is UN-doubtfully practicing and playing with sounds and intonations.
Questions
What are the building blocks of language?
- atoms
- verbs
- sounds *
- words
True or False. All languages share the same phenomes.
False
Bilabial sounds are to the lips as glottal sounds are to...
- palate
- tongue
- alveolar ridge
- vocal cords *
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*This is the next step toward THE One World Language.
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Planet Gnosis is ruled by Freddie A. Bowles, a professional educator and fellow at the Department of Curriculum and Instruction, the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville. An independent entity in the CornDancer consortium of planets, Planet Gnosis is dedicated to the exploration of education and teaching. CornDancer is a developmental website for the mind and spirit maintained by webmistress Freddie A. Bowles of the Planet Earth. Submissions are invited.
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